Linux Directory Structure
The Linux system contains thousand of files located within many directories. All directories are organized in a tree-structure like manner.
- The 'trunk' of the tree is the root directory.
- The root directory is simply identified as a "/".
- All other directories 'branch' off from the trunk.
The following lists the most common directories and their intended contents.
- / - root directory
- /home - where directories are contained for each user, example:
- /usr - pronounced 'user' and contains Linux commands and utilities
- /bin - binary executable programs
- /lib - program libraries, similar to Windows 'dll' files
- /sbin - more executable programs and Linux utilities for administrative purposes
- /doc - documentation
- /src - source code to programs
- /tmp - temporary work files
- /etc - configuration files
- /rc.d - scripts used during boot and shutdown process
- /sysconfig - default configuration files
- /sysconfig/network-scripts - network scripts
- /sysconfig/daemons - special programs that run in background, such as print spooling
- /bin - binary executable programs that all users need
- /dev - device files that control drives, terminals and any equipment attached to the server
- /var - user specific files
- /log - log files containing system usage and errors
- /spool - where spooled files are stored during print spooling process
- /mail - where Email files are stored until retrieved by client Email program
- /proc - system files
- /root - root's home directory
- /opt - other options
- /sbin - more executable programs and utilities
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